It can be seen that the oscilloscope uses a large number of patch components in order to achieve small size and convenient fabrication. For patch components, many people may still feel "fear", especially for some beginners, who feel that it is not as easy to grasp as traditional lead components. This may be related to most of our current electronic production materials still relying on lead components, but this is an illusion. Here we will talk about the benefits of patch components, the tools required for hand soldering and the basic soldering methods.
The benefits of patch components
SMD components have many advantages over lead components. Small size and light weight Needless to say, from the point of view of manufacturing and maintenance, the chip component is easier to solder than the lead component, easy to disassemble, and easy to store and mail. All the friends who have done it know that the disassembly of the lead components is more troublesome, especially on the PCB board with more than two layers, even if there are only two pins, it is easy to damage the circuit board when removed, and the multi-pin is even more Needless to say. It is much easier to remove the chip components. Not only can the two pins be easily removed, even if the components of one or two hundred pins are removed several times, the board can be not damaged. When it comes to easy to save, please see the photo below. Tens of thousands of parts can be placed in one clip. It is convenient to pick and place. What if it is replaced with the corresponding lead component? Another advantage of the patch component is that it is easy to replace because Many resistors, capacitors, and inductors have the same package size. The same location can be fitted with resistors, capacitors, or inductors as needed, adding flexibility to the design debug circuitry. Another important benefit of the SMD component is that it improves the stability and reliability of the circuit, which increases the success rate of the production. This is because the patch elements have no leads, which reduces stray electric fields and stray magnetic fields, which is especially noticeable in high frequency analog circuits and high speed digital circuits. It can be said that as long as you adapt and accept the patch components, you may no longer want to use lead components.
Tools needed to solder patch components
For electronic production, the most concerned is the soldering and disassembly of the chip components. To effectively and freely perform the solder disassembly of the chip components, the key is to have the proper tools. Fortunately, for lovers, these tools are not difficult to find, nor expensive. Here are some of the most basic tools.
There are scorpions in the electronic production of the scorpion, but here is the sharper one, and it must be stainless steel, because other things may be magnetic, and the patch components are lighter, if the scorpion is magnetic It will be sucked up and down, which is annoying.
Everyone has a soldering iron, and here is the one that is sharper (the tip has a radius of less than 1mm). The tip is of course long-lived. It is best to prepare two soldering irons. The parts are used. Although I often use only one hand, I can deal with the past, but unskilled friends strongly recommend two.
Hot air gun This is used to remove the multi-foot patch components and can also be used for soldering. Buying a special one is more expensive, it may cost more than one or two hundred yuan. There is a kind of hot air gun for blowing plastic in China (the left side of the figure below), only for five or sixty yuan, many shops selling electronic components are sold, very useful . I have measured the temperature at which it blows hot air, up to 400 – 500 degrees, enough to melt the solder.
The fine solder wire should be 0.3mm – 0.5mm, and the thick (0.8mm or more) cannot be used because it is not easy to control the amount of tin.
The woven tape for the tin is short-circuited when the adjacent legs of the IC are shorted by the tin. The traditional tin absorbing device is not useful, as long as it is sucked with a woven tape.
The magnifying glass must have a seat and a ring-shaped tube. The hand-held type cannot be replaced because it is sometimes necessary to operate with both hands under the magnifying glass. The magnification of the magnifying glass is more than 5 times, preferably 10 times, but 10 times is not easy to find, and the field of view will be relatively small, and the field of view will be more expensive. The price of this type of magnifying glass is less than 100 yuan. If you can find the appropriate magnifier glass, you can make one yourself. The ring light tube is very cheap. I have done one. The specific method will be introduced separately.
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