Year-to-date, the prices of TVs that have been at a high level have finally shown signs of loosening at this year's 618 Shopping Festival. After 0:00 on the 1st of June, it is worthwhile to constantly push out the preferential information for each TV. It may be that all e-commerce and TV manufacturers preheated for 618. There are quite a few sincere prices, some of which are low prices in history, such as Xiaomi He. Samsung's 65-inch TVs have all set a low price in history. The living room and the second bedroom of the new house all lacked a TV. The parents began to complain about the inconvenience of two people watching a TV in the master bedroom a few months ago. They had early plans to purchase TVs. This time they began to pay attention to TV brands. Price, ready to pick up 618 shopping festival. I believe that everyone who has plans to purchase TV in the near future will start to stupidly (chi) wang (wang) like me.
3D, smart, OLED, surface, quantum dots, television technology trends will never be short of topics. If the keyword of last year is 4K, then this year's keywords should be HDR. TV display technology has been developed so far, and its promotion and reform mainly rely on several manufacturers who master core technologies (Sony’s chips, Samsung’s panels) and corresponding resource ecology (Sony’s photographic equipment products and film and television industry) according to market hot spots, technological trends, Upstream hardware, production technology, production costs are gradually preferred by the fittest.
For example, in the past few years, the major TV manufacturers and 3D display technology, which are highly favored by film makers, experienced a surge of VR products that entered the market last year, and they began to die down. This year, with the popularity of panel TVs with 4K resolution, In the mainstream, major TV manufacturers have put the focus of R&D on mainstream products on 4K and HDR technologies. The Dafa home who had 3D display technology standard on mainstream models the year before, except for a few high-end models, the use of 3D technology (active shutter type) TV has been difficult to trace (of course, with the panel refresh rate has a lot).
So will this year's popular 4K resolution and HDR technology be eliminated in 3 years or less? This question is currently unable to give an answer, but it is certain that even if it is eliminated, it is replaced by a higher resolution and better (or more popular) display technology. Some people may ask, is already 4K resolution, and high resolution and significance? This problem is in fact like a few years ago, when most people in the Full HD era questioned the popularity of 4K resolution, you should know that 4K resolution has already been used on mobile phones with such a small screen size, and with VR The popularity of ultra-high resolution is already a trend. The reason why there is no more popularization lies in the bottleneck of the processor itself and battery life. At present, the ever-increasing TV size is already the trend of the market. Whether higher (8K) resolution will be adopted in the future is actually obvious (Japan stated that it will try to broadcast the 2020 Tokyo Olympics with 8K signals). As for the bottleneck in the development of TV resolution, it may be the corresponding resource environment, or it may be the strategy game of each manufacturer. It is not known. Some people may also ask, HDR is now so hot technology, will be eliminated? I can only say that hard to tell about this. Looking at the development of television technology, there are many phenomena of “bad money driving away good moneyâ€. Because of market hotspots, processes, costs, etc., there are too many good technologies to be eliminated and snowed. Once several giants began to shift their profile or shrink to other display technologies on the new model, other vendors in this technology area would quickly withdraw.
So, whether it is 3D, 4K, or HDR, it is a display technology innovation or a gimmick that many manufacturers follow suit. How can we choose a "good" TV among many models when we spend money on silver to buy a TV? I think, first of all, is to follow the trend of the rhythm, choose mainstream television technology nowadays, now when you buy a 55-inch and above TV (55 inches below the other parameters can choose the preferred direction), must be 4K! If you still because Think of 1080P resolution enough to buy large-size TVs with full-HD resolution panels, which are out of date. If you have enough budget, choose the best HDR TV. Nowadays there are many brands and models of TVs on the market, and the performance of products is uneven. Here are some points to be noted for choosing 4K TVs and HDR TVs:
When choosing a 4K TV, you should try to avoid "pseudo-4K" TV (or at least do it at the time of purchase. Don't wait until you buy a home and use it for a while. After checking the Internet, you discover that the goods were not originally intended. a feeling of)
What is "pseudo-4K"? Some netizens generalize the “four-color panel†to “pseudo-4K†is actually wrong. For example, LG uses the WRGB four-color panel on the high-end OLED TV to be a “true 4K†panel, and it uses RGBW on LCD TVs. The panel of the color technology is a "pseudo 4K" panel.
The last “W stands for White†(white) of the RGBW LCD panel. From the above RGBW subpixel arrangement diagram, we can easily find the existence of white and integrate it into the R/G/B primary colors to become RG (red + green) and BW (blue + white) single pixel is divided into two, RGBW sub-pixel sorting causes pixel deviation. Traditional RGB 4K has complete RGB sub-pixels, and the resolution is also genuinely 3840 × 2160; while the physical resolution of RGBW 4K LCD panels that divide the sub-pixels into two is 1920×2160, and the sub-pixels are divided into two hard ones to 1920′′. "Removal" has become 3840, and the accuracy of the picture cannot be compared with the RGB 4K LCD panel.
Summarizing briefly, while increasing the sub-pixels of one color, the panels on the panel of 3840×2160 total pixels are not reduced, which is “true 4K†panel, and vice versa is “pseudo 4Kâ€. Of course, the "pseudo 4K" panel is not entirely without merits. For example, by increasing the number of white sub-pixels, the screen brightness can be effectively increased to achieve the effect of energy saving.
When you choose HDR TV, look at the chip,
Make sure the chip can support the "Dolby Vision" or "HDR 10" format standards. The two chips are not mutually compatible with each other. At present, products such as Vizio, TCL, and Skyworth are compatible with the Dolby Vision standard. Sony, Samsung, and LG are compatible with the HDR 10 standard.
As the two standards for current HDR video, there are some technical differences between Dolby Vision and HDR. First, Dolby Vision uses 12-bit color, HDR 10 uses 10-bit color, and from a gamut perspective, Dolby Vision is better. Of course, it is not ruled out that the UHD Development Alliance will release an upgraded version of HDR 12 in the future.
Second, Dolby Vision uses dynamic or continuous raw data to dynamically adjust each manufacturer's color and brightness, even for each frame, which is more flexible for content producers; while HDR 10 uses static data. That means only segmented rendering. From this perspective, Dolby's vision is even better, and the film company can make detailed adjustments according to each scene to achieve better results, such as setting different settings for dim and bright scenes.
Finally, the Dolby Vision does not require the HDMI 2.0A interface standard, and HDR 10 requires it, which is also a major difference.
Second, look at the screen, the real HDR TV, even in the case of the chip supports one of the above format standards, but also in the input signal, dynamic range, color gamut coverage, peak brightness, black brightness and dynamic range screen indicators When the standards are met, HDR display can be achieved. For example, a company may advertise its TV products as “compatible with HDR†or “with HDR functionâ€, but it can only achieve 400nits on the screen's peak brightness. Even if the chip can play HDR standard video smoothly, the screen display effect is far away. Far less than the HDR standard. It is as if many projector manufacturers now advertise support for 1080P or even 4K playback, but they sell 720P resolution products. HDR certification technical requirements are as follows:
After briefly discussing the main points of purchase of 4K and HDR TVs, it is necessary to talk about those "hard targets" that I think a good TV must have.
What is a "hard target"? It is the basic indicator of software and hardware that can be easily perceived and influenced by the sensory experience when watching TV. I think that the trend is changing and technology is changing. The only thing that remains constant is our judgment on the "good" and "bad" of the most basic visual information in the TV picture. For example, we often hear people say this: How is this TV watching game so ambiguous? This TV is not 4K, how does it seem unclear? How does this video game play one card and one card? It doesn't seem to keep up with the operation. How does this television operate so hard? Also smart, so big yet my mobile phone is smooth! In these daily application scenarios, the most basic performance of TV is what most people care about.
To give a few examples: When you use 3D TV to watch broadcast 2D live broadcast signals, that 3D function is just like furnishings; "Yueyue Biography" uses HDR-enabled equipment for shooting, but we watch through live TV or web-on-demand. The "Yueyue Biography" to which you arrive is just an ordinary signal rather than an HDR signal, so you can't feel the visual enjoyment that HDR brings. After the average person opens the TV, the most common thing to do is to watch the live program, network video on demand, connect the playback device or hard disk to play high-definition video, connect the game console to play the game. Currently, besides game companies' support for 4K and HDR is relatively good (a game can be played for a long time, during which you can experience the visual enjoyment of 4K and HDR), various video resources are still lacking, and the capacity Large, it is not easy to get and store. However, like live broadcasts, webcasts, and ordinary high-definition video, we are bound to reach out after we turn on our TVs every day. Therefore, I think that in addition to 4K, HDR, and other indicators, we should pay attention to those that can enhance the experience of everyday TV viewing scenarios. Performance parameters and hardware specifications.
1, panel physical refresh rate
If James Cameron's "Avatar" led to the vigorous development of the 3D film and television industry after that, Li An's "Billie Lynn's midfield battle" should indicate the popularity of high frame rate 4K video and game works in the future. The inevitability confirms the shock and realism of large-size 4K images at a frame rate of 120Hz.
Due to the physical characteristics of the LCD panel, when the moving picture is displayed, there will inevitably be ghosting phenomenon. A panel with a high physical refresh rate can make the TV's dynamic response faster and the picture display more smooth. But nowadays, most manufacturers are very familiar with their propaganda. A 100Hz (120Hz) 4K panel costs far more than a 50hz (60Hz) panel of the same size. The current common refresh rates are 50Hz, 100Hz, and 200Hz (implemented by software interpolation algorithms). In the era of full-HD panels, the use of high refresh rate panels can often be seen on midrange models, but it is now 4K panel era. , Perhaps due to upstream capacity or cost reasons, the 100Hz panel was only used on a few high-end models. Although most of the 50Hz panels are sufficient for watching live broadcasts, watching dramas, etc., users who like watching games, high-definition movies, and video games are better off choosing a TV with a higher refresh rate. Especially when watching a game or playing a game, the higher the refresh rate, the better the experience can be, and the blurring of the motion picture caused by the inherent characteristics of the LCD screen can be reduced, and the picture tear caused by insufficient frames can be reduced during the game. , dropped frames and so on.
In addition, if you want to achieve active shutter 3D display, you must use 100Hz refresh rate (120Hz) panel, through the glasses to receive TV infrared signal, switch the lens on the LCD screen, so that the left and right eyes receive 50Hz frequency of the image to ensure The user sees the consequences of continued, unblinking 3D images. This is one of the main reasons why most TVs do not support active shutter 3D display in the 4K era.
It is recommended that users who purchase high-end flagship 4K TVs choose TVs with 100Hz panels as much as possible.
2, dynamic compensation technology (MEMC)
In brief summary, the trend of picture motion in the horizontal and vertical directions is estimated in real time by a built-in chip, and a synthesized image (or black frame) estimated by adding one frame (or more frames) between two frames of images is used as a compensation frame, thereby achieving The blurring and blurring of the previous frame image is removed, and the effect of dynamic sharpness is improved, and the image smearing is reduced to the degree that the human eye is hard to perceive.
Take Sony's X-speed motion-motion XR as an example. In the Full HD era, its motion-based XRs were marked with a double-speed rating, such as motion XR 100 (insert a black frame), motion XR 200 (insert a composite image frame), and motion flow XR 400 ( Insert a composite image frame with two black frames) and motionflow XR 800 (insert three composite image frames). The more frames are inserted, the smoother the picture is. Due to the field frequency and other reasons, including the motion XR 400 and higher speeds, the 100Hz panel is generally used. Nowadays, in the 4K era, regardless of the high-end models, Sony's double-speed drivers all use motionflow XR without a level label. Reason 1 may be because the 4K high refresh rate panel is only used on a few high-end models. The 50Hz panel refresh rate cannot insert more frames between two frames. 2 It may be because the current level of the MEMC chip does not yet have high-speed operations. Multi-frame 4K resolution composite image capabilities. If you mark according to the level of the previous Full HD era, then most of the current product's speed drive will give people a "shrink" feeling, so simply canceled.
Having said that, even if only one image frame or black frame is inserted between two frames, the fluency of moving images under the 50Hz panel can be greatly improved. This is also the case in most of the current 4K LCD TVs. Under the premise of the panel, a common and effective method to eliminate the jitter of image smear and improve the fluency of the picture.
Therefore, users who are often watching ball games, playing games, and are more sensitive to the phenomenon of trailing jitter of moving pictures, are advised to select the model with MEMC chip in the same price segment model. The dynamic compensation technology of each brand of TV is different in algorithm, insertion time, and composite image, and the effect is also pros and cons. It is recommended to purchase a TV with a dedicated test video for testing in the store.
3, backlight
The reason why the LCD screen can be displayed is because the image on the panel is highlighted by the backlight behind the LCD panel. Backlight LCD TV's backlight mode is divided into direct-type backlight and side-entry backlight
In the direct type, the LED light emitting die is disposed evenly behind the liquid crystal panel (screen surface) as a light source, so that the backlight can be uniformly transmitted to the entire screen; and the side type is to arrange the LED die around the LCD screen. The edge, and then with the light guide plate, when the LED backlight module emits light, the light emitted from the edge of the screen is transmitted through the light guide plate to the area in the center of the screen, so that there is a sufficient amount of backlight as a whole, allowing the liquid crystal screen to display the picture.
Simple list the advantages and disadvantages of the two backlight methods through the table
As stated in the above table, it is not necessarily straight-through LCD TVs that are better than side-in LCD TVs. It can only be said that the quality limit of direct-lit backlights is higher than that of edge-type backlights. Some direct-view TVs use less LED light sources and do not have as many backlight areas, and are not as good in quality as mainstream side-view TVs. In theory, under the same number and brightness of the light source, the direct-backlighted TV will be superior to the side-in TV in terms of energy efficiency, brightness, backlight uniformity, light leakage control, and partitioned light control.
In addition, due to the different layout of the backlight, some of the most dominant TVs in the market use edge-type backlights.
4, backlight brightness
The two important performance parameters and functions that are closely related to the backlight on the TV are brightness and zone control. These two indicators, at the same time, directly affect the HDR display of HDR TVs.
From the standpoint of backlight brightness, the HDR certification standard for LCD TV peak brightness is 800 nits. Now the flagship models of some brands have even raised this value to more than 4000 nits. Higher brightness peaks can bring greater brightness dynamic adjustment. The scope makes the picture more rich in light and dark details. The bright place is bright and dazzling, and the dark place can be completely black.
5, partition control function
As the name implies, it divides the TV backlight vertically and horizontally into blocks, and combines the brightness of the screen during the TV broadcast to control the brightness of the backlight blocks below the screen to achieve the gain effect of the details of the screen. The more partitions are divided, the richer the brightness and darkness that can be adjusted during playback, and the finer the effect of the display.
As shown in the figure above, the three pictures on the left are direct type backlights. The upper right corner is the block diagram on the direct type backlight. According to the right and bottom TV screen brightness information, the brightness in each block is adjusted. , to achieve the light and dark effect corresponding to the screen.
For example, the back light system of "BacklightMaster Drive (Master Edition)" powered by the Sony Z9D adopts a high-density matrix backlight, which allows independent control of each LED and prevents individual LED particles through a special structure. Sporadic interference. At the press conference, TV development engineer Koichiro Ogura once had a brief presentation. At the time, a Z9D engineering machine removed the LCD panel layer. The viewer only watched the backlight and could see a black and white image with clear outlines and details ( Think of it as a black-and-white oled TV, displaying black and white pictures by controlling each LED's brightness!) It can be seen that the density of the backlight and the degree of precise control have an effect on the brightness and darkness of the picture.
In the HDR function, the fundamental working principle of controlling the brightness details of each bright and dark area of ​​the screen is the partition control of the backlight system. The finer the control of light, the better the display effect is.
Most mid-range and high-end TVs today have a partition-based light control system. Different brands have different names. In fact, the principles are basically similar. If you choose a TV with HDR, be sure to pay attention to the zonal light control performance of this TV. In addition to using high-brightness, high-contrast video to test peak brightness and dark detail, you can test the fineness of the TV control system with a video that moves white highlights like the following black background:
You can observe the halo around the moving bright spot in the test video. The smaller the halo is, the finer the zone control light that represents the TV.
6, the number of interfaces and transmission performance
When choosing a TV, the number and performance of the HDMI and USB ports hidden on the back of the TV are often ignored. In fact, it's like a computer motherboard. How about the positioning of a TV? Look at the various interfaces installed on the motherboard. The quantity and performance are evident. To ensure that there is no bottleneck in data transmission, when playing video on an external player or U disk and playing games on a connected PS4 game console, experience 4K 60Hz screen, the bandwidth of ordinary HDMI 1.4 and USB 2.0 interfaces can no longer meet its data traffic Therefore, in the purchase of 4K TV, HDMI 2.0 and USB3.0 interface must be available, and for the purchase of high-end HDR models (especially for HDR 10 standard) users want to turn on 4K at 60Hz, HDR, then it is necessary to ensure that the TV has an HDMI 2.0A interface with 18G bandwidth for a better experience.
7, Optimization of SD, HD, Full HD resolution
Although 4K panels have become mainstream nowadays, due to restrictions on signals, resources, storage, and bandwidth, most domestic broadcast and video on-demand video source resolutions still remain in standard definition and high-definition standards, even when playing and downloading original disk resources. Most of them are full-HD resolutions, so even with the purchase of 4K TVs, most people’s greatest use is to play these resources below 4K resolution. The original pixels are stretched by several times or even ten times. 4K resolution rendering, if the TV does not have a built-in good image chip to process and optimize these picture information, then the perception of these videos will be far less than the effect played on the full HDTV. The image chips of various TV brands have advantages and disadvantages for this processing capability. The optimization is not in place, graininess tends to appear, and over-optimization leads to high sharpness and color blurring, loss of detail, and even negative optimization. In addition to carefully interpreting the various chip technologies, the best way to do this is to take the various resolutions of the video to the store test machine and use your eyes to receive the goods.
Here we need to point out that some TV image chips only perform image analysis on three kinds of picture signals, which are cable TV signals, video playback in the storage device via the USB interface, and video signals when the Blu-ray player is connected to the game console through the HDMI interface. Processing and optimization are not effective for connecting video signals received by ordinary players using the HDMI interface.
There is an inconsistency regarding whether 4K TVs or full HDTVs are currently selected. Since most of 4K TVs are not as effective as full HDTVs when they are most often exposed to non-4K video signals, why should we choose 4K TVs instead? To choose full HD TV? Here are three reasons to briefly list. First, because of the trend, most brands currently focus their R&D resources on 4K TV products. It has been difficult to find a relatively good full HD TV in the market. . The second is that because of the product power, four times the resolution of Full HD, the 4K has an absolute advantage in terms of definition, especially the resolution of still images and 4K dynamic images. In the basic specifications of other hardware (such as various interface bandwidth, built-in chip processing capabilities, wireless network transmission capabilities), but also with the panel to upgrade together, much better than full HD era models. The third reason is that various resources have gradually shifted from full HD to 4K, such as PS4 games.
8, intelligent system
I know that when I mention an intelligent system, there will certainly be people who rant: Isn't it a built-in smart box? Buy a fool model and connect an external TV box. Is it different? Boot faster! The box is not well used and can be replaced at any time. If it is a few years ago, I certainly think so, but now, all brands of television products, in addition to small size and entry models, almost all products are equipped with a smart system, and in terms of hardware performance, and mobile phones The hardware development is general and there is a growing trend.
If you can't hide, you must know how to enjoy. At present, smart systems are roughly divided into Android and factory-made systems (such as Samsung's Tizen, LG's webos). The system's ease of use is mainly based on the optimization of the manufacturers. Simply put, I think that smart systems affect TV experience more. A link: Switching speed, if you wait and see the TV switch you have to wait a minute or two, I think few people can tolerate it? Here, we also need to tamper with the phenomenon of ad insertion at startup of certain brands of smart TVs, although from a certain point of view it can be interpreted as relieving boring in boot waiting time. Ease of use, from the level of system menu design and intuitive operation of the remote control, to ensure the smooth use of the elderly at home is the absolute standard for testing ease of use. Android has an inherent advantage in terms of functionality and the compatibility and richness of various software. In addition, if you can connect to the NAS and play HD video in the HDD smoothly, you can greatly improve the convenience of watching the show. The richness and update frequency of high-quality free resources. Most people do not buy smart TVs in order to replace the radio and television cable signals to watch video resources through on-demand networks. In particular, parents at home don’t like young people to build NAS and then use TV. Connected play, free, continuous, and high-quality updated resources are particularly important to them, and even they are the key to judging whether a TV is good or bad. What must be said here is that some domestic manufacturers do very well in terms of ease of use and resources. At least some of my elders around me have said that after using several domestic smart TVs.
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Having said so much, I don't know if it wouldn't help everyone. I just briefly introduced these 8 "hard indicators" in light of the popular 4K and HDR technologies, and I think that in the TV industry, which is now full of marketing gimmicks. It is easy to be ignored by consumers and is inseparable from the viewing experience. It is recommended to pay more attention to relevant parameter data as a basis for comparison when purchasing a TV.
Of course, if you want to have a deeper understanding of the picture display technology of a TV and determine its playback effect, you also need to analyze the hardware and software of a TV in a larger dimension. This year Sony proposed a concept called five resolutions. Are "spatial resolution" (panel resolution), "color resolution" (panel color gamut), "grayscale resolution" (panel number of digits), "time resolution" (panel refresh rate), and "difficulty resolution "Rate" (Dynamic Range). By testing the performance of these five resolutions in various scenarios, it is possible to basically judge how well a TV is displayed.
For the average consumer, it is almost unrealistic to compare the test results of quantifiable test results in such a comprehensive way to test multiple products. The first is no time and energy, and the second is no professional knowledge and skills. Test conditions (equipment and test machine, even if you go to the store with a device to test a table, you are subject to the sale of hidden bitter eyes?). So most people buy TVs by first screening out several suitable models through the available quantifiable data, and then go to the store and use their own video to compare the actual performance of these models, especially when playing all kinds of models. The sharpness and color of the dynamic picture in video, the best contrast test method, or your own eyes!
Haha, it is not easy to see the valued friends here. There is a wrong hope in this article to kindly point out in the commentary that there is a lack of hope to add in the commentary and feel too shallow to hope that you will laugh and if you are Can help when you buy a TV, so please give it a thumbs up! It's best to pay a few more gold coins hahahaha. Finally, I hope this "brainwasher" is really useful to everyone! I wish everyone in 618 can buy a good and cost-effective good TV!
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