The specification will be implemented from May 1, 2018.
On the morning of April 12, the road test specification for the first intelligent networked car at the national level was released in Beijing. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Communications jointly issued the "Intelligent Networked Vehicle Road Test Management Regulations (Trial)" (hereinafter referred to as "Management Specifications") for testing subjects, test drivers and test vehicles. Test application and audit, test management, traffic violations and accident handling are clearly defined.
According to Che Yunyu, the specification will be implemented from May 1, 2018.
Previously, Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing and other places have successively issued guidance documents for self-driving cars on the road. Beijing and Shanghai have already issued the first batch of open road test licenses to some enterprises. Xin Guobin, deputy minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out that the "Management Code" is a document jointly developed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Communications. The purpose is to clarify the management requirements and division of responsibilities of road testing, standardize and unify basic testing projects and tests in various localities. Procedures to accelerate the safe and orderly implementation of China's intelligent networked vehicle road test work.
Then compare the rules that were published before the “Regulationsâ€, the following six key questions are that everyone must know:
What is the difference between national policies and local regulations?In accordance with the "Management Codes", the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Transport are responsible for overall guidance and regularly publish relevant requirements and information for intelligent networked vehicle road testing. The relevant competent departments of the provincial and municipal governments shall formulate implementation rules in accordance with the "Management Codes" and in light of local realities, and organize the development of intelligent networked vehicle road test work, responsible for testing road section selection, testing vehicle audits, test notices and licenses. The issuance, testing process supervision and other work, the specific road test scope, how to define the scope, etc. are determined by the localities according to the actual situation.
Xin Guobin also said that during the process of formulating the "Management Code", the three ministries and commissions strengthened communication and coordination with some provinces and cities such as Shanghai and Beijing, and conducted systematic research on the implementation rules issued by various localities. Generally speaking, the above-mentioned local implementation rules and the "Management Code" are consistent in principle and ideas. In addition, the implementation rules issued by various localities are in the stage of trial or solicitation of opinions. If necessary, further adjustments and improvements can be made according to the requirements of the Management Regulations.
Previously, Che Yun had sorted out the similarities and differences between Beijing and Shanghai, as shown in the table below.
First "closed" and then "open"
The "Management Code" is basically consistent with the local rules on how to obtain the test vehicle number plate. However, the specification emphasizes the premise of testing on public roads: full real vehicle testing must first be carried out on closed sites. Xin Guobin said that this is a common practice for foreign intelligent networked vehicles to test. At present, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is also formulating corresponding site testing specifications and standards, and has prepared sufficient policies and standards for site testing and road testing.
From the specific process and conditions for applying for the number plate by the public security traffic control department, it is mainly the following links:
1. Complete closed field testing and retain full test and monitoring records;
2. The third-party testing organization approved by the state or the province and the city shall have the road test conditions and obtain the corresponding test notice.
3. According to the test notice and the provisions of the law, such as the identity certificate of the motor vehicle owner, the motor vehicle traffic accident liability compulsory insurance certificate, the motor vehicle safety technical inspection certificate and the relevant written application, the test notice is stated. The traffic management department of the public security organ applies for a temporary number plate;
4. The certificate and certificate submitted by the traffic control department of the public security organ shall be examined and approved. If the vehicle meets the requirements, the temporary number plate for the test shall be issued.
How does intelligent networked cars ensure traffic safety? How to deal with traffic violations or accidents?
Regardless of local rules or national regulations, there are clear requirements for testing subjects, test vehicles, test drivers, and management during testing. Li Jiangping, inspector and deputy director of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, also called for relevant localities and enterprises to promote testing in a gradual and orderly manner, and must advance this work in compliance with relevant laws, norms and standards.
From a specific perspective, the "Management Code" requires the test subject to have the intelligent network-related car-related business capabilities, the ability to test and evaluate the automatic driving function, and the ability to remotely monitor the vehicle in real time. At the same time, it is required to insure the test vehicle not less than 5 million yuan. Insurance or an accident compensation guarantee of not less than 5 million yuan to solve the aftermath of damages such as accidents.
In order to avoid traffic violations and accidents, local rules or "Management Codes" clearly state that "test subjects and test drivers should abide by the requirements of current road traffic safety laws and regulations, and test drivers must always monitor vehicle operating conditions and The surrounding environment can intervene or take over the vehicle at any time. In the event of traffic violations and traffic accidents during the test, the test driver and its test subject should bear the corresponding administrative, civil and criminal responsibilities. Compare the regulations of some EU countries such as the United States and Germany that are more mature in this respect. Traffic violations and traffic accidents involving intelligent networked vehicles are also subject to the above-mentioned rules and principles.
Can foreign-invested companies participate in public road testing?Chen Yin, chief engineer and spokesperson of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said, "Welcome and encourage foreign-funded enterprises to carry out intelligent networks in China in accordance with the relevant requirements of the "Regulations on Management" and in accordance with the relevant requirements of the relevant local government implementation rules for road testing. Joint car road test."
The "Management Code" puts forward seven qualification requirements for the test subject to apply for intelligent networked vehicle road test, organize test and can bear corresponding responsibilities, mainly for business capability, civil compensation capability, test evaluation capability, and remote monitoring capability. And the recording, analysis and reproducibility of events. These requirements are the same for domestic and foreign-funded enterprises, and there are no special requirements for foreign-funded enterprises. Independent legal persons registered in China, including foreign-funded enterprises and Sino-foreign joint ventures, may apply for road tests as long as they meet the relevant requirements of the Administrative Regulations and local government implementation rules.
However, in order to ensure the principle of safety first, in the event of a traffic accident, the test subject must have the ability to independently assume legal responsibility. Therefore, the "Management Code" requires the test subject to be an independent legal person registered in China. For example, in the United States, some states require that companies that are registered under the local laws in the state can conduct automated driving tests in the state, and the requirements may be more stringent.
"Safety" is always the top priority for autonomous driving research and development.
The Uber autopilot test vehicle traffic accident at the end of March in Tempe, Arizona, is undoubtedly painful, but it is not a reason to stop the autopilot R&D test.
In this regard, Professor Li Keqiang of Tsinghua University believes that the original intention of the development of intelligent networked vehicles is to improve the safety of existing transportation, its entertainment, convenience and other attributes are secondary, whether it is OEM, supplier or technology company, promote automatic driving Technology is necessary to make it safer, and an effective security management mechanism must be established. He also reminded the new auto industry and autopilot companies that new automakers can take advantage of the startups as much as possible and use their own high technology to promote the safety and reliability of self-driving cars.
In order to ensure the safety of road testing, the "Management Code" puts strict requirements on test subjects, test drivers and test vehicles. The test subject proposes seven conditions: unit nature, business scope, accident compensation capability, test evaluation capability, remote monitoring capability, event record analysis ability, and compliance with laws and regulations; the test driver is required to sign a labor contract or labor contract, and is automatically driven. Training, no major traffic violation records, etc. 8 requirements; registration of test vehicles, mandatory project inspection, ergonomic control mode conversion, data recording and real-time backhaul, specific area testing and third-party agency testing and verification 6 Basic requirements.
In order to strengthen the road traffic management and safety supervision during the test, the "Management Code" also puts forward the requirements for the test parties to carry the notice, the target, the operation takeover, the vehicle transition and the report test summary during the test. It is clarified that the relevant competent departments of the provincial and municipal governments cancel the test notice and recover the temporary number plate. Here I want to emphasize that in order to ensure the safety of road testing, we not only require road tests to be carried out on the specified road sections, but also require the test driver to always be in the driving position, monitor the vehicle and the surrounding environment, and be ready to take over the vehicle at any time. This is also a reference to the experience of Uber and Tesla accidents.
Of course, Uber's traffic accidents are also reminding us that intelligent networked road testing must put safety issues at the forefront of all work. In his speech, Minister Xin Guobin repeatedly stressed that the intelligent network road test is not a "testing" or "vehicle performance test" in the traditional sense. The safety performances of steering, braking and control are all in line with the current national safety technical standards for motor vehicles. The requirements are the same as traditional vehicles. Moreover, the intelligent networked car needs to pass the computer simulation, test bench evaluation, test field and closed road test and other test and verification, in order to verify the automatic driving function in the actual traffic environment. All of this is to ensure traffic safety and reduce the risk of accidents.
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